时事经纬
30-08-09
缅甸战事激烈 果敢士兵逃入中国
一批声称过去几天一直在同缅甸政府军交战的果敢士兵说，由于抵挡不住政府军的猛烈攻势，被迫逃入中国境内。中国军队要求果敢士兵脱下他们的绿色军装，换上蓝色服装后去难民安置点去寻找亲戚朋友住下来。目前果敢的局势已经明朗。缅甸政府军已经取得了绝对优势，果敢大部分地区已被政府军占领。
果敢特区政府主席彭家声目前下落不明，有报道说，他已逃离果敢。彭家声祖籍中国四川，1931年生于果敢。他是第一个与缅甸中央政府达成和解的地方武装力量首领，同时也是第一个公开宣布在自己的辖区实行全面禁毒的金三角地区武装领导人。
随著缅甸战事的加剧，每天都有大批难民逃入中国，目前进入中国的难民总数已经超过三万。进入中国的难民绝大多数是果敢族、也就是中国所称的汉族。在谈到重返家园问题时他们表示，这要取决于缅甸政府对他们的政策与态度。
日本民主党赢得政权 鸠山由纪夫将任首相
日本第45届众院选举30日晚结束。民主党最终获得308个议席，大幅超出单独过半数所需的241席，实现了政权更迭的目标。最快将于9月中旬召开的特别国会将提名民主党代表鸠山由纪夫出任首相，民主党将与社民党、国民新党联合执政。
自民党在此次大选中遭遇历史性的惨败，仅获得119个议席，远远少于选前的223个议席，所获议席数创下新低。麻生就败选称“未能消除选民对自民党的不满”，表示将辞去自民党总裁职务。干事长细田博之等自民党的高层干部已向麻生提出了辞职意向。
人物：鸠山由纪夫生于政治世家 坚信“政治是爱”
伊拉克暴力事件导致18人丧生
一个自杀炸弹杀手在在希尔卡特镇一个警察局附近引爆了装有炸弹的汽车，造成九人丧生，至少17人受伤。几个小时后，另一枚炸弹在摩苏尔附近的库尔德村镇辛贾尔爆炸，六人被炸死，至少20人被炸伤。在费卢杰，一枚捆绑在一辆汽车上的炸弹把当地一个政治人士炸死。而在巴格达北部，一枚炸弹爆炸，导致一名军人丧生，三名旁观者受伤。
英国首相布朗突访阿富汗 强烈暗示将继续增兵
布朗在阿富汗南部的赫尔曼德省，走访驻扎在那里的英国部队时，表示将增加两百名处理简单爆炸装置的专家。此前，布朗遭到反对党的强烈批评：工党政府没有给前线士兵提供包括直升机在内的足够装备，是造成英军大量伤亡的主要原因。美国五角大楼内部人士的消息说，如果要想使阿富汗安全问题得到妥善解决，美国及北约绝对需要至少增兵两万。据悉，北约已制定出击败阿富汗塔利班武装的一项新计划，而其中一个重要内容就是将向阿富汗增兵两万。预计到年底，将有十万北约部队驻扎在阿富汗，其中六万八千名是美军，位居其后的英军有八千三百人。
伊朗称联合国报告“证实”本国核项目是和平的
伊朗一名高层核官员说，联合国的报告“证实”伊朗的核项目是和平的。 国际原子能机构星期五发布的报告说，伊朗允许核查人员进入其在纳坦兹市的主要核设施。但是这份报告指出，伊朗没有对本国的核项目是否包含军事成分作出回应。 伊朗驻联合国核机构特使苏丹尼耶说，伊朗会对核查进行合作，但不过作出超出其法律义务的事。
美为东欧导弹防御系统考虑新址
美国在东欧部署导弹防御系统的计划自出台后就遭到俄罗斯强烈反对，在通过数月调查后，奥巴马政府可能将为这项计划考虑重新选址。在可供选项中包括放弃波兰和捷克两个反导基地中的一个，或者两个都放弃，而选择在土耳其或巴尔干地区建立导弹拦截装置或雷达预警基地，同时发展海基宙斯盾标准－３（ＳＭ－３）的陆基版本。美国官员称此举并非为了缓和同俄罗斯的关系，而是应对来自伊朗的导弹袭击。
印度可能被迫放弃首个月球探测器
印度首个月球探测器“月船１号”２９日与地面失去联系后，印度空间研究组织发言人萨蒂什表示，如果仍不能与“月船１号”取得联系，该组织可能被迫放弃这一探测器。
印度已自行研发超音速战斗机 取代米格战机
印度目前有612架战机，大部分是苏联制造的米格战斗机，但米格战机失事率极高，1990年代到现在印度空军已经损失了200架米格机，因此印度一方面自行研发战斗机，一方面购买外国先进的战斗机，用以淘汰老旧的米格战斗机。
印度国防部表示，印度自行研发的轻型超音速战斗机已经出厂，目前有5架在接受测试，明年中旬还会有8架出厂。印度希望在2012年让印度空军机队拥有很多印度自行研发的轻型战斗机和外国多功能战斗机，机队总数超过700架。
巴基斯坦改装美制导弹对印度构成潜在威胁
纽约时报报导指出，一美国高官对于巴基斯坦改造美国生产用于海防的导弹表示关注。改装后的导弹能够打击陆上目标，从而对印度构成潜在威胁。
改装导弹违反了美国的《军备出口管治法》。纽约时报的报导指出，美国今年6月下旬就此事向巴基斯坦总理贾拉尼等巴基斯坦高级官员发出没有公开的外交抗议。
巴基斯坦否认非法改装美国制造导弹。
中俄34架运输机4架加油机合同处停滞状态
俄罗斯国防出口公司总经理伊塞金日前表示，俄方将对中国是否仿制苏-27战机展开调查。此话立即成为“导火索”，引爆了俄媒体大肆炒作中国“拷贝”俄罗斯武器的热潮。与此同时，伊塞金的副手米赫耶夫也透露，中俄之间有关34架大型运输机及4架空中加油机的合同，现在实际上已经处于停滞状态。
民调：只有4%以色列人认为奥巴马亲以色列
美国与以色列的紧张关系对以色列的公众舆论产生负面影响。根据耶路撒冷邮报一份最新的民意调查结果，只有4%的以色列犹太人认为美国总统奥巴马的政策是偏向以色列的。这比6月份的民调结果又下降了2%。调查显示，51%的以色列人认为奥巴马政府支持巴勒斯坦，而认为奥巴马政府是中立的人占35%。
潘基文欢迎改善两韩关系的新步骤
联合国秘书长潘基文星期六对改善两韩关系的最新步骤表示欢迎，其中包括恢复跨境探亲活动的决定。
澳大利亚调查北韩武器船运
澳大利亚正在审查，一艘澳大利亚船运载北韩武器前往伊朗是否触犯了澳大利亚法律。澳大利亚船运部长阿尔巴尼斯星期天证实，“ANL澳大利亚号”船运载了武器，包括火箭弹。这只船本月早些时候被阿拉伯联合酋长国根据联合国对北韩施行的制裁而截获。联合国安理会因北韩核武器计划而对北韩施行制裁。今年六月通过的制裁措施要求国际上对北韩海运和空运货物进行检查。目前，这艘船在巴哈马注册。到目前为止，船的东主ANL公司还没有表示任何意见。ANL是墨尔本一家船运公司。
U.S. Says Pakistan Made Changes to Missiles Sold for Defense
The United States has accused Pakistan of illegally modifying American-made missiles to expand its capability to strike land targets, a potential threat to India, according to senior administration and Congressional officials.
While American officials say that the weapon in the latest dispute is a conventional one — based on the Harpoon antiship missiles that were sold to Pakistan by the Reagan administration as a defensive weapon in the cold war — the subtext of the argument is growing concern about the speed with which Pakistan is developing new generations of both conventional and nuclear weapons.
But senior Pakistani official said that the missile tested was developed by Pakistan, just as it had modified North Korean designs to build a range of land-based missiles that could strike India.
Some experts are also skeptical of the American claims. Robert Hewson said the Harpoon missile did not have the necessary range for a land-attack missile, which would lend credibility to Pakistani claims that they are developing their own new missile. Moreover, he said, Pakistan already has more modern land-attack missiles that it developed itself or acquired from China.
“They’re beyond the need to reverse-engineer old U.S. kit,” “They’re more sophisticated than that.” Mr. Hewson said the ship-to-shore missile that Pakistan was testing was part of a concerted effort to develop an array of conventional missiles that could be fired from the air, land or sea to address India’s much more formidable conventional missile arsenal.
Hakim's son to lead father's powerful party
Iraq's influential Shia politician Abdel Aziz al-Hakim, who recently passed away in Iran, has chosen his son Ammar as the future leader of his political party.
“I have bestowed the struggler Ammar Al-Hakim to be my [successor] after my death,” said Hakim in his will that was read out during his funeral procession in the holy Iraqi city of Najaf, where he was finally laid to rest on Saturday.
“Coming from my personal detailed knowledge of him, he [Ammar] is trusted and he has the experience and capability to… take full responsibility and continue the path of struggle," he added.
"He is keen to serve Iraq, paying attention to the Iraqi people and not forgetting the grave sacrifices made,” said the deceased leader of the Supreme Iraqi Islamic Council (SIIC).
In his will, the Shia figure also urged the Iraqi people to stay united and committed to the constitution, while calling on them to pick worthy and qualified candidates in the upcoming parliamentary elections.
To his Followers, Hakim stressed the importance of following the path of the 12 Shia Imams and supporting their religious leadership.
Abdel Aziz al-Hakim also urged the country's political leaders to do all they can to serve the people and not take their sacrifices for granted.
The top Shia political figure, who headed Iraq's most powerful party, was hospitalized in an advanced medical faculty in Tehran last month.
He had been diagnosed with lung cancer in the United States. Following the diagnosis, he made several trips to Iran for chemotherapy before being hospitalized.
US may drop East Europe missile shield plans
The Obama administration is exploring options to drop the planned missile shield for Eastern Europe, a move that could go down well with Moscow and Berlin.
Administration officials told the New York Times that they plan to present the review of the missile system after months of work so that it could be used at an upcoming meeting between President Barack Obama and his Russian counterpart Dmitri Medvedev.
The two presidents are scheduled to meet in New York next month during the annual opening at the General Assembly of the United Nations.
The Obama review team will present a list of options that could be chosen rather than a single recommendation to a panel of senior national security officials in the coming weeks.
After that they will take the matter to cabinet-rank officials and the president, who will make the final decision.
The proposed options could range from retaining the Polish and Czech sites selected by President George W. Bush to dropping them both.
Building launching pads or radar installations in Turkey or the Balkans alongside developing land-based versions of the Aegis SM-3- a ship-based anti-missile system- would probably be advised for an option which excludes both sites.
Meanwhile, State Department spokesman Philip J. Crowley said it was premature to discuss what the review would conclude or when it would be ready for presentation.
“Our review of our missile defense strategy is ongoing and has not reached completion yet,” he said.
The unnamed administration officials working on the review claimed, however, that the review was not intended to appease Russia.
Russia's ambassador to NATO Dmitry O. Rogozin, however, said that Moscow anticipated news from Obama in September.
“I hope that Medvedev will take some good result from this bilateral discussion in New York, and maybe in October we will live in a new world in Russian-American relations,” he said.
Denying an attempt to better US-Russian ties, the unmanned administration officials claimed that any changes would be to adjust to what they call an accelerating threat from shorter-range Iranian missiles.
This is while the previous US administration used a similar excuse to portray a need for the missile system, an excuse which was repeatedly rejected by Russian officials as incorrect.
Moscow believes that if implemented the missile system would not be there to prevent an Iranian attack but to undermine Russia's national security.
Commenting on the new US position, spokesman for the Polish foreign minister, Piotr Paszkowski said it was "clear that Eastern Europe is out of the epicenter of this American administration.”
“The missile defense system is now under review. The chances that it will be in Poland are 50-50," he added.
Poland stands to gain some financial advantages if the US goes through with its plan to set up a missile defense system site in the country.
Some analysts speculate that by shying away from the proposed plan, the Obama administration could also be trying to avoid the system's estimated costs of up to $1 billion in a state of economic crisis.
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