news

美国总统奥巴马签署了一项资助巴基斯坦的价值75亿美元的援助计划。白宫说，这项法律显示美国对巴基斯坦的大力支持，强调这个计划在国会参众两院获得两党议员一致通过。白宫还表示，奥巴马希望美国在“战略伙伴”的基础上跟巴基斯坦接触，而这个战略伙伴的基础是支持巴基斯坦的民主机构和人民。他说，这个援助计划使得两国的伙伴关系正式化。两国共同致力于通过可持续经济发展，加强民主法治，打击极端主义来改善巴基斯坦人民的生活。

国际外交人员将再度讨论核项目

来自美国、法国、俄罗斯和联合国的外交人员计划星期一与伊朗官员会晤，以恢复有关伊朗核项目的会谈。在日内瓦举行的这次会议将重点讨论一项建议。按照这项建议，伊朗大部分的铀要运往俄罗斯和法国来转换成反应堆的燃料。西方外交官认为这是一个建立信任的措施，因为这些铀被浓缩的水平将低于制造核武器所需的级别。

日本高官赴美解释鸠山发言并讨论朝鲜问题

日本政府15日派外务省亚洲大洋洲局长斋木昭隆前往华盛顿，就鸠山由纪夫首相的东亚共同体构想及有关摆脱对美依赖的发言作出解释。此举是为11月中旬美国总统奥巴马的访日作准备。双方还将就朝鲜问题交换意见。

日本向美国表示明年1月撤回印度洋供油的自卫队

日本防卫政务官长岛昭久14日在美国白宫与美国国家安全事务助理琼斯等举行会谈，转达了日本将于明年1月撤回在印度洋上进行供油活动的海上自卫队。

美国首次表明核弹头削减目标至2012年时减半

美国政府代表15日在联合国大会第一委员会（裁军）发表演讲，称经过此前在核裁军方面的努力，美国的核弹头数量“截至2012年将减少到2001年时的一半、1990年的四分之一，届时将降至上世纪50年代之后最低水平”。预计2012年美国的核弹头数量约为5千个。

美中商贸联委会在即美国关注贸易失衡

美中商贸联委会在即，美国制造业希望政府采取措施，削减美中贸易逆差，制止贸易不平衡。美国对华贸易团体认为，商贸联委会可以帮助解决两国贸易议题。第20届美中商贸联委会10月28、29号两天在中国杭州举行。美国商务部长骆家辉、贸易代表罗恩科克和农业部长维尔萨克将率领美国代表团参加会议。中国副总理王岐山将率领中国代表团参加。

就在美国商务部宣布跟中国举行第20届美中商贸联委会会议的当天，美国财政部向国会报告说，中国的人民币汇率缺乏灵活性。财政部说，人民币汇率缺乏灵活性以及中国囤积大量外汇储备有可能使两国在减少贸易失衡方面取得的进展功败垂成。不过，财政部并没有把中国列为货币操纵国。财政部在每半年向国会递交一次的货币政策报告中指出，人民币汇率的僵硬状态以及中国外汇储备一再激增是非常严重的问题，为了确保一个更加强壮、更加平衡的全球经济，这个问题必需解决。

美媒：中国挺进阿富汗美打仗中赚钱

中国股市周五收盘走低，银行类股领跌

中国股市周五收盘走低，受银行类股下跌拖累；市场对信贷增幅放缓及与今年早些时候巨额贷款发放相关的潜在巨大信贷风险再次感到担忧。

中国银监会周五称，该机构与中国五大国有银行举行了2009年第三次大型银行风险分析会，要求银行合理把握信贷节奏、强化贷款风险管理。银监会还敦促各银行确保资本充足率不下降。虽然银监会今日的言论只是对这一忧虑的重申，但投资者们总是对此类言论相当敏感。

分析师们还将上证综合指数的回调归咎于创业板的即将推出和本周的大规模新股发行。市场普遍预计中国的创业板将于本月底之前推出。共有19家创业板公司的首次公开募股(IPO)本周开始申购。分析师们称，这些IPO预计将吸引申购资金接近人民币1.5万亿元。

In Face of Sanctions, China Premier Warms to Iran

The Obama administration’s effort to marshal global support for new sanctions against Iran hit another snag on Thursday, when China said it was seeking to increase cooperation and high-level exchanges with Iran, suggesting that it would not support additional punitive measures over Tehran’s nuclear program.

The comments by Prime Minister Wen Jiabao came a day after Russia’s prime minister, Vladimir V. Putin, said that sanctions were “premature” and two days after its foreign minister, Sergey V. Lavrov, said that threatening Iran while talks were under way would be “counterproductive.”

China and Russia are crucial to a muscular sanctions campaign, analysts said, because of their geopolitical and commercial links to Iran and because they have historically resisted sanctions in the United Nations Security Council, where each holds a veto.

But China has a deepening reliance on Iran for energy, and in a meeting with Iran’s first vice president, Mohammed Reza Rahimi, in the Great Hall of the People, Mr. Wen emphasized cooperation between the countries in energy and trade and greater coordination in international affairs, according to the official Xinhua news agency.

Obama administration officials said they had long viewed China as being even more reluctant than Russia to act against Iran. China and Russia often act in unison, the officials said, with China typically following Russia’s lead in Security Council deliberations.

The latest statements from Russia and China appear to expose a rift with the United States about how to press Iran in the negotiations. The United States wants to back up diplomacy with a credible threat of sanctions; Russia and China believe such an approach would backfire by pushing Iran into a corner.

China will continue to play a “constructive role” in finding a peaceful solution, according to Xinhua. Russia says the focus should be solely on diplomacy.

On Monday, Iranian officials will meet in Vienna with officials of several countries to discuss details of an accord reached in Geneva to ship most of Iran’s publicly declared stockpile of lightly enriched uranium to Russia, where it would be further enriched. It would then be returned to Iran, where it would fuel a research reactor in Tehran.

Iranian officials were in Beijing to attend a meeting of a regional security group that includes China and Russia. China has used the group to strengthen its ties.

China’s rapid growth has forced it to look at many foreign nations for energy. It sees Iran as a large provider of oil, and has ignored Western calls for sanctions or withdrawing business from other resource-rich nations.

It imports half its oil from the Middle East, and those shipping routes are secured by the United States. It will have to balance its desire to lock up energy supplies with its interest in ensuring those supplies can be shipped to China.

“The question is whether they can do this skillfully, because they haven’t been playing this global game for decades,” said Jon B. Alterman, the Middle East program director at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.